Umbilicals

Documentation for subsea umbilical equipment in NeqSim.

Overview
Umbilical Class
Umbilical Types
Functional Elements
Configuration
Usage Examples
Design Standards
Related Documentation

Overview

Location: neqsim.process.equipment.subsea

An umbilical is a bundled assembly of tubes, hoses, and cables used to supply subsea equipment with:

Hydraulic fluid for valve actuation
Electrical power for equipment
Control signals and data
Chemicals (MEG, methanol, scale/corrosion inhibitors)

Class	Description
`Umbilical`	Subsea umbilical assembly
`UmbilicalMechanicalDesign`	Mechanical design calculations

Umbilical Class

Class Hierarchy

ProcessEquipmentBaseClass
└── Umbilical
    ├── enum: UmbilicalType
    ├── enum: CrossSectionType
    └── static class: UmbilicalElement

Key Features

Multiple Construction Types: Steel tube, thermoplastic, integrated
Element Management: Hydraulic, chemical, electrical, fiber optic
Pressure/Temperature Rating: Individual element specifications
Length-Based Calculations: Pressure drop and power loss
Weight Estimation: Dry and wet weights

Constructor

import neqsim.process.equipment.subsea.Umbilical;

// Create steel tube umbilical
Umbilical umbilical = new Umbilical("Main Umbilical");
umbilical.setUmbilicalType(Umbilical.UmbilicalType.STEEL_TUBE);
umbilical.setLength(25000.0);  // 25 km
umbilical.setWaterDepth(450.0);

Umbilical Types

UmbilicalType Enumeration

Type	Description	Application
`STEEL_TUBE`	Steel tubes for hydraulic/chemical	Modern standard
`THERMOPLASTIC`	Nylon/PE hoses	Legacy systems
`INTEGRATED_PRODUCTION`	Combined with small bore production	Compact systems
`ELECTRO_HYDRAULIC`	Combined hydraulic + electrical	Standard
`ELECTRIC_ONLY`	All-electric control	Future systems

Cross-Section Types

Type	Description
`CIRCULAR`	Standard circular cross-section
`FLAT`	Ribbon/flat configuration
`BUNDLED`	Loose bundled elements

Selecting Umbilical Type

// Modern steel tube umbilical
umbilical.setUmbilicalType(Umbilical.UmbilicalType.STEEL_TUBE);
umbilical.setCrossSectionType(Umbilical.CrossSectionType.CIRCULAR);

// All-electric system
umbilical.setUmbilicalType(Umbilical.UmbilicalType.ELECTRIC_ONLY);

Functional Elements

UmbilicalElement Class

Each element within the umbilical has specific properties:

Property	Description	Unit
Type	hydraulic, chemical, electrical, fiber	-
ID/OD	Inner/outer diameter	mm
Design Pressure	Maximum working pressure	bar
Material	Construction material	-
Function	Specific purpose	-

Adding Hydraulic Lines

// Add LP and HP hydraulic supply lines
umbilical.addHydraulicLine("LP Hydraulic", 12.7, 345.0);  // 12.7mm ID, 345 bar
umbilical.addHydraulicLine("HP Hydraulic", 9.5, 690.0);   // 9.5mm ID, 690 bar

// Hydraulic return line
umbilical.addHydraulicLine("Hydraulic Return", 19.0, 100.0);

Adding Chemical Lines

// MEG injection line
umbilical.addChemicalLine("MEG", 25.4, 150.0);  // 25.4mm ID, 150 bar

// Methanol injection
umbilical.addChemicalLine("Methanol", 19.0, 200.0);

// Scale inhibitor
umbilical.addChemicalLine("Scale Inhibitor", 12.7, 150.0);

// Corrosion inhibitor
umbilical.addChemicalLine("Corrosion Inhibitor", 9.5, 150.0);

Adding Electrical Cables

// Main power cable (3-phase, 6.6 kV)
umbilical.addElectricalCable("Power", 3, 6600.0);  // 3 cores, 6600V

// Auxiliary power
umbilical.addElectricalCable("Auxiliary Power", 3, 690.0);

// Control/signal cables
umbilical.addElectricalCable("Control", 7, 24.0);  // 7 cores, 24V

Adding Fiber Optic Cables

// Control and monitoring fiber
umbilical.addFiberOptic("Control", 12);  // 12 fibers

// Communication fiber
umbilical.addFiberOptic("Communication", 24);  // 24 fibers

Configuration

Basic Configuration

import neqsim.process.equipment.subsea.Umbilical;

// Create and configure umbilical
Umbilical umbilical = new Umbilical("Production Umbilical");

// Set type and length
umbilical.setUmbilicalType(Umbilical.UmbilicalType.STEEL_TUBE);
umbilical.setLength(30000.0);      // 30 km
umbilical.setWaterDepth(500.0);

// Design parameters
umbilical.setDesignLife(25);       // years
umbilical.setDesignTemperature(90.0);  // °C max

// Add functional elements
umbilical.addHydraulicLine("LP Hydraulic", 12.7, 345.0);
umbilical.addHydraulicLine("HP Hydraulic", 9.5, 690.0);
umbilical.addChemicalLine("MEG", 25.4, 150.0);
umbilical.addChemicalLine("Methanol", 19.0, 200.0);
umbilical.addElectricalCable("Power", 3, 6600.0);
umbilical.addFiberOptic("Control", 12);

Flow Calculations

// Set chemical injection rates
umbilical.setMEGInjectionRate(5.0, "m3/hr");
umbilical.setMethanolInjectionRate(2.0, "m3/hr");

// Calculate pressure drops
double megDeltaP = umbilical.calculatePressureDrop("MEG");
double methanolDeltaP = umbilical.calculatePressureDrop("Methanol");

System.out.println("MEG pressure drop: " + megDeltaP + " bar");
System.out.println("Methanol pressure drop: " + methanolDeltaP + " bar");

Power Calculations

// Set power transmission parameters
umbilical.setPowerTransmissionVoltage(6600.0);  // V
umbilical.setPowerLoad(5.0);  // MW

// Calculate losses
double voltageDrop = umbilical.calculateVoltageDrop();
double powerLoss = umbilical.calculatePowerLoss();

System.out.println("Voltage drop: " + voltageDrop + "%");
System.out.println("Power loss: " + powerLoss + " MW");

Usage Examples

Example 1: Complete Umbilical Configuration

import neqsim.process.equipment.subsea.Umbilical;

// Create main production umbilical
Umbilical mainUmbilical = new Umbilical("Main Production Umbilical");
mainUmbilical.setUmbilicalType(Umbilical.UmbilicalType.STEEL_TUBE);
mainUmbilical.setLength(25000.0);  // 25 km to manifold
mainUmbilical.setWaterDepth(450.0);

// Hydraulic supply/return
mainUmbilical.addHydraulicLine("LP Supply", 12.7, 345.0);
mainUmbilical.addHydraulicLine("HP Supply", 9.5, 690.0);
mainUmbilical.addHydraulicLine("LP Return", 15.9, 100.0);

// Chemical injection
mainUmbilical.addChemicalLine("MEG Injection", 25.4, 150.0);
mainUmbilical.addChemicalLine("Methanol", 19.0, 200.0);
mainUmbilical.addChemicalLine("Scale Inhibitor", 12.7, 150.0);
mainUmbilical.addChemicalLine("Corrosion Inhibitor", 9.5, 150.0);
mainUmbilical.addChemicalLine("LDHI", 9.5, 150.0);

// Electrical power
mainUmbilical.addElectricalCable("Main Power", 3, 6600.0);
mainUmbilical.addElectricalCable("Auxiliary Power", 3, 690.0);

// Fiber optics
mainUmbilical.addFiberOptic("Control/Communication", 24);
mainUmbilical.addFiberOptic("Spare", 12);

// Get summary
System.out.println("Umbilical: " + mainUmbilical.getName());
System.out.println("Length: " + mainUmbilical.getLength() / 1000 + " km");
System.out.println("Elements: " + mainUmbilical.getElementCount());

Example 2: Chemical Injection Sizing

// Umbilical for MEG injection system
Umbilical megUmbilical = new Umbilical("MEG Supply");
megUmbilical.setUmbilicalType(Umbilical.UmbilicalType.STEEL_TUBE);
megUmbilical.setLength(30000.0);

// Main MEG line - sized for injection rate
double megRate = 8.0;  // m³/hr required injection rate
double velocity = 2.0;  // m/s target velocity

// Calculate required diameter
double areaRequired = (megRate / 3600.0) / velocity;  // m²
double diameterRequired = Math.sqrt(4 * areaRequired / Math.PI) * 1000;  // mm

System.out.println("Required MEG line ID: " + diameterRequired + " mm");

// Add MEG line (use next standard size)
umbilical.addChemicalLine("MEG", 32.0, 200.0);  // 32mm ID

// Calculate actual pressure drop
megUmbilical.setMEGInjectionRate(megRate, "m3/hr");
double actualDeltaP = megUmbilical.calculatePressureDrop("MEG");

System.out.println("MEG pressure drop over " + megUmbilical.getLength()/1000 + " km: " + actualDeltaP + " bar");

Example 3: Power Transmission Design

// Long step-out umbilical for subsea booster
Umbilical powerUmbilical = new Umbilical("Power Umbilical");
powerUmbilical.setUmbilicalType(Umbilical.UmbilicalType.ELECTRO_HYDRAULIC);
powerUmbilical.setLength(80000.0);  // 80 km
powerUmbilical.setWaterDepth(1200.0);

// Power cable for 6 MW booster
powerUmbilical.addElectricalCable("Main Power", 3, 36000.0);  // 36 kV transmission

// Set load parameters
powerUmbilical.setPowerLoad(6.0);  // MW
powerUmbilical.setPowerFactor(0.9);

// Calculate transmission losses
double voltageDrop = powerUmbilical.calculateVoltageDrop();
double losses = powerUmbilical.calculatePowerLoss();
double efficiency = (6.0 - losses) / 6.0 * 100;

System.out.println("Transmission voltage: 36 kV");
System.out.println("Step-out distance: 80 km");
System.out.println("Voltage drop: " + String.format("%.1f", voltageDrop) + "%");
System.out.println("Power loss: " + String.format("%.2f", losses) + " MW");
System.out.println("Efficiency: " + String.format("%.1f", efficiency) + "%");

Example 4: Umbilical with Mechanical Design

import neqsim.process.mechanicaldesign.subsea.UmbilicalMechanicalDesign;

// Create umbilical
Umbilical umbilical = new Umbilical("Export Umbilical");
umbilical.setUmbilicalType(Umbilical.UmbilicalType.STEEL_TUBE);
umbilical.setLength(40000.0);
umbilical.setWaterDepth(800.0);

// Add elements
umbilical.addHydraulicLine("LP", 12.7, 345.0);
umbilical.addHydraulicLine("HP", 9.5, 690.0);
umbilical.addChemicalLine("MEG", 25.4, 150.0);
umbilical.addElectricalCable("Power", 3, 6600.0);
umbilical.addFiberOptic("Control", 24);

// Get mechanical design
UmbilicalMechanicalDesign design = umbilical.getMechanicalDesign();

// Configure
design.setArmorType("Double Cross-Wound");
design.setOuterSheath("HDPE");
design.setCorrosionProtection("Galvanized armor + cathodic");

// Calculate design
design.calcDesign();

// Get results
System.out.println("Outer diameter: " + design.getOuterDiameter() + " mm");
System.out.println("Dry weight: " + design.getDryWeight() + " kg/m");
System.out.println("Wet weight: " + design.getWetWeight() + " kg/m");
System.out.println("MBR: " + design.getMinimumBendRadius() + " m");
System.out.println("MWS: " + design.getMaxWallTension() + " kN");

// Get JSON report
String report = design.toJson();

Design Standards

Applicable Standards

Standard	Title
API RP 17E	Subsea Umbilicals
API Spec 17E	Specification for Subsea Production Control Umbilicals
ISO 13628-5	Subsea Umbilicals
DNV-ST-F101	Submarine Pipeline Systems (for steel tubes)

Design Parameters

Parameter	Typical Range	Unit
Length	5-150	km
Water Depth	100-3000	m
Outer Diameter	80-250	mm
Dry Weight	15-100	kg/m
MBR	2-5	m
Design Life	20-30	years

Material Selection

Component	Material	Application
Steel Tubes	Super Duplex 25Cr	Hydraulic/chemical
Thermoplastic Hoses	PA11, PVDF	Legacy systems
Electrical Cables	EPR/XLPE insulation	Power/signal
Fiber Optics	Single/multi-mode	Control/comms
Armor	Galvanized steel	Mechanical protection
Outer Sheath	HDPE, PA11	Abrasion protection

Typical Umbilical Cross-Section

         ┌─────────────────────┐
         │    Outer Sheath     │
         │  ┌───────────────┐  │
         │  │    Armor      │  │
         │  │  ┌─────────┐  │  │
         │  │  │ LP Hyd  │  │  │
         │  │  │  ┌───┐  │  │  │
         │  │  │  │HP │  │  │  │
         │  │  │  │Hyd│  │  │  │
         │  │  │  └───┘  │  │  │
         │  │  │ MEG  CH │  │  │
         │  │  │ ┌──┐┌──┐│  │  │
         │  │  │ │  ││  ││  │  │
         │  │  │ └──┘└──┘│  │  │
         │  │  │ Power   │  │  │
         │  │  │ ┌────┐  │  │  │
         │  │  │ │Fiber│ │  │  │
         │  │  │ └────┘  │  │  │
         │  │  └─────────┘  │  │
         │  └───────────────┘  │
         └─────────────────────┘

Subsea Trees - Christmas tree modeling
Subsea Manifolds - Manifold modeling
Subsea Boosters - Boosting systems
PLEM/PLET - Pipeline end structures

API Reference

Umbilical

// Constructors
Umbilical(String name)

// Type configuration
void setUmbilicalType(UmbilicalType type)
UmbilicalType getUmbilicalType()
void setCrossSectionType(CrossSectionType type)
CrossSectionType getCrossSectionType()

// Physical parameters
void setLength(double meters)
double getLength()
void setWaterDepth(double meters)
void setDesignLife(int years)
void setDesignTemperature(double celsius)

// Adding elements
void addHydraulicLine(String name, double idMm, double pressureBar)
void addChemicalLine(String name, double idMm, double pressureBar)
void addElectricalCable(String name, int cores, double voltage)
void addFiberOptic(String name, int fibers)

// Element management
int getElementCount()
List<UmbilicalElement> getElements()

// Flow calculations
void setMEGInjectionRate(double rate, String unit)
void setMethanolInjectionRate(double rate, String unit)
double calculatePressureDrop(String chemicalName)

// Power calculations
void setPowerTransmissionVoltage(double volts)
void setPowerLoad(double megawatts)
void setPowerFactor(double pf)
double calculateVoltageDrop()
double calculatePowerLoss()

// Mechanical design
UmbilicalMechanicalDesign getMechanicalDesign()

UmbilicalType Enum

enum UmbilicalType {
    STEEL_TUBE,
    THERMOPLASTIC,
    INTEGRATED_PRODUCTION,
    ELECTRO_HYDRAULIC,
    ELECTRIC_ONLY
}

CrossSectionType Enum

enum CrossSectionType {
    CIRCULAR,
    FLAT,
    BUNDLED
}

UmbilicalElement Class

class UmbilicalElement {
    String getName()
    String getType()  // hydraulic, chemical, electrical, fiber
    double getInnerDiameter()
    double getOuterDiameter()
    double getDesignPressure()
    String getMaterial()
    String getFunction()
}

Umbilicals

Table of Contents

Overview

Umbilical Class

Class Hierarchy

Key Features

Constructor

Umbilical Types

UmbilicalType Enumeration

Cross-Section Types

Selecting Umbilical Type

Functional Elements

UmbilicalElement Class

Adding Hydraulic Lines

Adding Chemical Lines

Adding Electrical Cables

Adding Fiber Optic Cables

Configuration

Basic Configuration

Flow Calculations

Power Calculations

Usage Examples

Example 1: Complete Umbilical Configuration

Example 2: Chemical Injection Sizing

Example 3: Power Transmission Design

Example 4: Umbilical with Mechanical Design

Design Standards

Applicable Standards

Design Parameters

Material Selection

Typical Umbilical Cross-Section

Related Documentation

API Reference

Umbilical

UmbilicalType Enum

CrossSectionType Enum

UmbilicalElement Class