Class EntrainmentDeposition

java.lang.Object
neqsim.process.equipment.pipeline.twophasepipe.EntrainmentDeposition
All Implemented Interfaces:
Serializable
public class EntrainmentDeposition extends Object implements Serializable
Entrainment and deposition model for droplet exchange between phases.

Models the exchange of liquid droplets between the liquid film and the gas core in annular and mist flow regimes. Uses correlations for:

  • Atomization rate from the liquid film
  • Deposition rate onto the liquid film
  • Droplet size distribution
  • Critical conditions for onset of entrainment

Correlations

  • Entrainment Rate: Ishii-Mishima (1989), Pan-Hanratty (2002)
  • Deposition Rate: McCoy-Hanratty (1977), Particle relaxation model
  • Droplet Size: Tatterson correlation, Weber number based
  • Onset: Ishii-Grolmes criterion for critical film Reynolds number
Version:
1.0
Author:
Even Solbraa
See Also:

  • Field Details

    • serialVersionUID

      private static final long serialVersionUID
      See Also:

    • entrainmentModel

      private EntrainmentDeposition.EntrainmentModel entrainmentModel
      Current entrainment model.

    • depositionModel

      private EntrainmentDeposition.DepositionModel depositionModel
      Current deposition model.

    • criticalWeber

      private double criticalWeber
      Critical Weber number for entrainment onset.

    • criticalReFilm

      private double criticalReFilm
      Critical film Reynolds number for entrainment.

  • Constructor Details

    • EntrainmentDeposition

      public EntrainmentDeposition()
      Default constructor.

    • EntrainmentDeposition

      public EntrainmentDeposition(EntrainmentDeposition.EntrainmentModel entrainmentModel, EntrainmentDeposition.DepositionModel depositionModel)
      Constructor with model specification.
      Parameters:
      entrainmentModel - Entrainment model to use
      depositionModel - Deposition model to use

  • Method Details

    • calculate

      public EntrainmentDeposition.EntrainmentResult calculate(PipeSection.FlowRegime flowRegime, double gasVelocity, double liquidVelocity, double gasDensity, double liquidDensity, double gasViscosity, double liquidViscosity, double surfaceTension, double diameter, double liquidHoldup)
      Calculate entrainment and deposition rates.
      Parameters:
      flowRegime - Current flow regime
      gasVelocity - Superficial gas velocity (m/s)
      liquidVelocity - Superficial liquid velocity (m/s)
      gasDensity - Gas density (kg/m³)
      liquidDensity - Liquid density (kg/m³)
      gasViscosity - Gas dynamic viscosity (Pa·s)
      liquidViscosity - Liquid dynamic viscosity (Pa·s)
      surfaceTension - Surface tension (N/m)
      diameter - Pipe diameter (m)
      liquidHoldup - Liquid holdup fraction
      Returns:
      EntrainmentResult with rates and droplet properties

    • isEntrainmentActive

      private boolean isEntrainmentActive(double gasVelocity, double gasDensity, double liquidDensity, double surfaceTension, double diameter, double reFilm)
      Check if entrainment is active using Ishii-Grolmes criterion.
      Parameters:
      gasVelocity - gas velocity [m/s]
      gasDensity - gas density [kg/m³]
      liquidDensity - liquid density [kg/m³]
      surfaceTension - surface tension [N/m]
      diameter - pipe diameter [m]
      reFilm - film Reynolds number
      Returns:
      true if entrainment is active

    • calculateEntrainmentRate

      private double calculateEntrainmentRate(double gasVelocity, double liquidVelocity, double gasDensity, double liquidDensity, double gasViscosity, double liquidViscosity, double surfaceTension, double diameter, double filmThickness)
      Calculate entrainment rate using selected model.
      Parameters:
      gasVelocity - gas velocity [m/s]
      liquidVelocity - liquid velocity [m/s]
      gasDensity - gas density [kg/m³]
      liquidDensity - liquid density [kg/m³]
      gasViscosity - gas viscosity [Pa·s]
      liquidViscosity - liquid viscosity [Pa·s]
      surfaceTension - surface tension [N/m]
      diameter - pipe diameter [m]
      filmThickness - film thickness [m]
      Returns:
      entrainment rate [kg/(m²·s)]

    • entrainmentIshiiMishima

      private double entrainmentIshiiMishima(double gasVelocity, double gasDensity, double liquidDensity, double liquidViscosity, double surfaceTension, double diameter)
      Ishii-Mishima entrainment rate correlation.
      Parameters:
      gasVelocity - the velocity of the gas phase
      gasDensity - the density of the gas phase
      liquidDensity - the density of the liquid phase
      liquidViscosity - the dynamic viscosity of the liquid phase
      surfaceTension - the surface tension between phases
      diameter - the pipe diameter
      Returns:
      the entrainment rate according to Ishii-Mishima correlation

    • entrainmentPanHanratty

      private double entrainmentPanHanratty(double gasVelocity, double liquidVelocity, double gasDensity, double liquidDensity, double gasViscosity, double liquidViscosity, double surfaceTension, double diameter)
      Pan-Hanratty entrainment rate correlation.
      Parameters:
      gasVelocity - the velocity of the gas phase
      liquidVelocity - the velocity of the liquid phase
      gasDensity - the density of the gas phase
      liquidDensity - the density of the liquid phase
      gasViscosity - the dynamic viscosity of the gas phase
      liquidViscosity - the dynamic viscosity of the liquid phase
      surfaceTension - the surface tension between phases
      diameter - the pipe diameter
      Returns:
      the entrainment rate according to Pan-Hanratty correlation

    • entrainmentOliemans

      private double entrainmentOliemans(double gasVelocity, double gasDensity, double liquidDensity, double liquidViscosity, double surfaceTension, double diameter)
      Oliemans entrainment rate correlation.
      Parameters:
      gasVelocity - gas velocity (m/s)
      gasDensity - gas density (kg/m³)
      liquidDensity - liquid density (kg/m³)
      liquidViscosity - liquid viscosity (Pa·s)
      surfaceTension - surface tension (N/m)
      diameter - pipe diameter (m)
      Returns:
      entrainment rate (kg/m²/s)

    • calculateEntrainmentFraction

      private double calculateEntrainmentFraction(double gasVelocity, double gasDensity, double liquidDensity, double liquidViscosity, double surfaceTension, double diameter, double reFilm)
      Calculate equilibrium entrainment fraction.
      Parameters:
      gasVelocity - gas velocity in m/s
      gasDensity - gas density in kg/m3
      liquidDensity - liquid density in kg/m3
      liquidViscosity - liquid viscosity in Pa.s
      surfaceTension - surface tension in N/m
      diameter - pipe diameter in m
      reFilm - Reynolds number of liquid film
      Returns:
      equilibrium entrainment fraction (dimensionless, 0-1)

    • calculateDepositionRate

      private double calculateDepositionRate(double dropletConcentration, double dropletDiameter, double gasDensity, double gasViscosity, double liquidDensity, double gasVelocity, double diameter)
      Calculate deposition rate using selected model.
      Parameters:
      dropletConcentration - droplet concentration in kg/m3
      dropletDiameter - droplet diameter in m
      gasDensity - gas density in kg/m3
      gasViscosity - gas viscosity in Pa.s
      liquidDensity - liquid density in kg/m3
      gasVelocity - gas velocity in m/s
      diameter - pipe diameter in m
      Returns:
      deposition rate in kg/m2/s

    • depositionMcCoyHanratty

      private double depositionMcCoyHanratty(double dropletConcentration, double dropletDiameter, double gasDensity, double gasViscosity, double gasVelocity, double diameter)
      McCoy-Hanratty deposition rate correlation.
      Parameters:
      dropletConcentration - droplet concentration in kg/m3
      dropletDiameter - droplet diameter in m
      gasDensity - gas density in kg/m3
      gasViscosity - gas viscosity in Pa.s
      gasVelocity - gas velocity in m/s
      diameter - pipe diameter in m
      Returns:
      deposition rate in kg/m2/s

    • depositionRelaxation

      private double depositionRelaxation(double dropletConcentration, double dropletDiameter, double gasDensity, double gasViscosity, double liquidDensity, double gasVelocity, double diameter)
      Particle relaxation time deposition model.
      Parameters:
      dropletConcentration - droplet concentration in kg/m3
      dropletDiameter - droplet diameter in m
      gasDensity - gas density in kg/m3
      gasViscosity - gas viscosity in Pa.s
      liquidDensity - liquid density in kg/m3
      gasVelocity - gas velocity in m/s
      diameter - pipe diameter in m
      Returns:
      deposition rate in kg/m2/s

    • depositionCousins

      private double depositionCousins(double dropletConcentration, double dropletDiameter, double gasVelocity, double gasDensity, double gasViscosity, double diameter)
      Cousins deposition model.
      Parameters:
      dropletConcentration - droplet concentration in kg/m3
      dropletDiameter - droplet diameter in m
      gasVelocity - gas velocity in m/s
      gasDensity - gas density in kg/m3
      gasViscosity - gas viscosity in Pa.s
      diameter - pipe diameter in m
      Returns:
      deposition rate in kg/m2/s

    • calculateDropletDiameter

      private double calculateDropletDiameter(double gasVelocity, double gasDensity, double surfaceTension)
      Calculate Sauter mean diameter of droplets.
      Parameters:
      gasVelocity - Gas phase velocity (m/s)
      gasDensity - Gas phase density (kg/m³)
      surfaceTension - Surface tension (N/m)
      Returns:
      Sauter mean diameter (m)

    • estimateFilmThickness

      private double estimateFilmThickness(double diameter, double liquidHoldup)
      Estimate film thickness from holdup.
      Parameters:
      diameter - pipe diameter [m]
      liquidHoldup - liquid holdup fraction
      Returns:
      film thickness [m]

    • estimateDropletConcentration

      private double estimateDropletConcentration(double liquidVelocity, double liquidDensity, double liquidHoldup, double entrainmentFraction, double gasVelocity, double diameter)
      Estimate droplet concentration in gas core.
      Parameters:
      liquidVelocity - liquid velocity [m/s]
      liquidDensity - liquid density [kg/m³]
      liquidHoldup - liquid holdup fraction
      entrainmentFraction - entrainment fraction
      gasVelocity - gas velocity [m/s]
      diameter - pipe diameter [m]
      Returns:
      droplet concentration [kg/m³]

    • getEntrainmentModel

      public EntrainmentDeposition.EntrainmentModel getEntrainmentModel()
      Get current entrainment model.
      Returns:
      Entrainment model

    • setEntrainmentModel

      public void setEntrainmentModel(EntrainmentDeposition.EntrainmentModel model)
      Set entrainment model.
      Parameters:
      model - Entrainment model to use

    • getDepositionModel

      public EntrainmentDeposition.DepositionModel getDepositionModel()
      Get current deposition model.
      Returns:
      Deposition model

    • setDepositionModel

      public void setDepositionModel(EntrainmentDeposition.DepositionModel model)
      Set deposition model.
      Parameters:
      model - Deposition model to use

    • getCriticalWeber

      public double getCriticalWeber()
      Get critical Weber number.
      Returns:
      Critical Weber number

    • setCriticalWeber

      public void setCriticalWeber(double criticalWeber)
      Set critical Weber number.
      Parameters:
      criticalWeber - Critical Weber number for entrainment onset

    • getCriticalReFilm

      public double getCriticalReFilm()
      Get critical film Reynolds number.
      Returns:
      Critical film Reynolds number

    • setCriticalReFilm

      public void setCriticalReFilm(double criticalReFilm)
      Set critical film Reynolds number.
      Parameters:
      criticalReFilm - Critical film Reynolds number